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    • 专利摘要:
    process for preparing infant formula the present invention relates to a process for preparing a composition containing a protein component and a lipid component comprising large lipid globules, preferably coated with polar lipids, and the compositions obtained therefrom.
    公开号:BR112014022744B1
    申请号:R112014022744-6
    申请日:2013-03-13
    公开日:2020-02-18
    发明作者:Joep Van Den Breink；Koen Cornelis Van Dijke；Adriana Martina Lamberta Van Der Steen；Raoul Charles Johan Moonen；Antonie Van Baalen
    申请人:N.V. Nutricia；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Invention Patent Descriptive Report for: PROCESS
    TO PREPARE CHILD FORMULA.
    Description [0001] The present invention relates to a process for preparing a composition containing a protein component and a lipid component comprising large lipid cells, preferably coated with polar lipids, and compositions obtained therefrom. Optionally, compositions containing a protein component and a lipid component are spray dried. The compositions obtained are for feeding babies and young children.
    [0002] Baby or transitional formulas are successfully used to feed babies in cases where breastfeeding is impossible or less desirable. In addition, the composition of such formulations should be as similar as possible to breast milk, which is the preferred method of feeding babies to favor the special nutritional needs of rapid growth and child development.
    [0003] In natural unprocessed mammalian milk, lipids occur mainly as triglycerides contained within emulsified globules with an average diameter of about 4 pm. These globules are surrounded by a structural membrane composed of
    2/57 phospholipids (0.2 to 1% by weight based on total fat), glycolipids, cholesterol, enzymes, proteins and glycoproteins. Most of the fat component used in baby or transition formulas is of plant origin. The use of a large part of the fat in cow's milk is less desirable, due to a more unfavorable fatty acid profile. In addition, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids of microbial origin, fish or egg are usually added to improve the fatty acid profile.
    [0004] In known processes for the preparation of baby or transition formulas, the fat or lipid phase comprising lipids and fat-soluble vitamins is mixed vigorously with the aqueous phase, comprising proteins and carbohydrates and the mixture is homogenized under high pressure by a conventional high pressure homogenizer, alone or in combination with a high pressure pump. Thus, during homogenization, the fat phase is compartmentalized into smaller droplets, so that it no longer separates from the aqueous phase and collects at the top, which is called creaming. This is accomplished by forcing the mixture under high pressure through a small orifice. This homogenization step produces an oil-in-water stable emulsion, which comprises lipid globules with a weighted volume diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 pm. Due to this small
    3/57 size of the globule, which results in an increase in the surface area of the lipid globule, the relatively small amount of polar lipids, such as phospholipids, typically present in such compositions, where the fat is mainly of vegetable origin, is not sufficient to guarantee that the distribution of phospholipids corresponds to unprocessed lipid globules. Instead, the amount of protein, in particular casein, that covers the lipid cell increases.
    [0005] This is in contrast to the structure of lipid cells in unprocessed or raw milk, such as human milk, in which the lipid cells are larger and the lipid cells are covered with a milk globule membrane, comprising polar lipids in quantities higher than the processed MFI described (baby milk formula). The preparation of larger lipid cells is therefore desirable to prepare infant or transitional formulas that are more similar to human milk. It has also recently been found that nutritional compositions with vegetable fat, with larger lipid globules, have long-term health benefits in relation to body composition and the prevention of obesity in the future throughout life. WO 2010/027258 discloses nutritional compositions with vegetable fat, with larger lipid globules that are produced through the application of a
    4/57 homogenization step, using lower pressure. WO 2010/027259 discloses nutritional compositions with larger lipid globules coated with polar lipids, using a homogenization step with lower pressure and greater amount of polar lipids, particularly phospholipids, present before homogenization.
    [0006] WO 2010/027258, WO 2010/027259, WO 2011/108918 and WO 2010/068105 disclose the preparation of nutritional compositions comprising a step of the process of mixing an aqueous phase with an oil mixture, using a batch mixer Ultra-Turrax T50. In the mixing chamber of a batch mixer, heterogeneous mixing conditions are present, resulting in a wider lipid droplet size distribution and the formation of partially very large lipid globules. In addition, the liquid phases to be mixed are subjected to a batch mixer for a prolonged time, to change the mixing conditions, thereby reinforcing the effects identified above of droplet production with wide size distribution and extremely high lipid globule formation. small and extremely large. Due to the heterogeneous mixture, a batch mixer has, disadvantageously, a higher risk of having small and large fat globules.
    5 / 5Ί [0007] WO 2005/051091 refers to a lipid preparation that mimics the lipid phase of human milk. The lipid preparation is produced by a homogenization step to form a substantially homogeneous dispersion or emulsion under appropriate conditions, which include temperature, pressure and physical manipulation.
    [0008] Borel et al. (J of Parenteral and Enteral
    Nutrition ( 1994) , 18, 534 - 543) discloses the preparation in food per probe with different drop sizes and compositions for to feed rats, in which one emulsion of one lipid and an phase watery is ready by agitation
    magnetic mixture with a magnetic bar and further refinement of the emulsion prepared by sonication. Such a process is not suitable for a larger scale and will also cause a large variation in the size of the globule.
    [0009] Thus, most of these known processes use high pressure mixing devices, in particular homogenizers and / or high pressure pumps. In processes that use homogenizers, in most cases, two pressure steps are necessary, resulting in a capital-intensive production process. In addition, if low pressures are used with these homogenizers, which are specially designed to use high pressures to enable homogenization, the operating process is difficult to control
    6/57 stable, which means that the process needs a lot of additional control, which is laborious, time consuming and can result in varying qualities of the final product. Thus, commercially used machinery is oversized and has low energy efficiency. This makes these processes less preferred for economical production.
    [0010] The technical problem underlying the present invention is, therefore, to provide a process for the preparation of a composition containing protein and lipid component comprising large lipid globules, preferably coated with polar lipids, which allow the production of said composition without the disadvantages mentioned above.
    The technical problem underlying the present invention, therefore, also comprises compositions containing protein and lipid components that overcome the disadvantages identified above, in particular, which comprise a controllable and reproducible lipid cell size.
    [0012] These technical problems are solved by the processes and products according to the independent claims.
    [0013] Thus, the present invention provides, in particular, a process for preparing a composition containing protein component and lipid component, which is
    7/57 a baby formula or transitional or growth milk, and comprises lipid globules, comprising the steps of a) providing an aqueous phase with a dry matter content of 10 to 60% by weight (based on the total weight) of the aqueous phase), which comprises at least one protein component, b) providing a liquid lipid phase, comprising at least one lipid and c) mixing the lipid phase with the aqueous phase in a proportion of 5 to 50% (w / w) using an in-line mixer with at least one mixing head in order to obtain a composition containing a protein component and a lipid component comprising lipid globules.
    [0014] Preferably, the in-line mixer has a low shear force. Surprisingly, it was found that, using an in-line mixer, such a composition could be produced with much better control and reproducibility of lipid droplet size. The process additionally had the advantages that an oversized machinery is not needed, and energy is used more efficiently. Surprisingly, the use of the in-line mixer produces a much better result in terms of the properties of the lipid globules compared to the use of a static mixer.
    [0015] Without wishing to stick to theory, the present
    The advantages obtained may occur due to the lower shear forces experienced by the lipid droplets or globules of the composition during the production process compared to standard homogenization processes. The in-line mixer typically exerts low shear forces. Typically, the use of an in-line mixer, even when used at high speed, exerts less shear forces than conventional homogenization. Even though such in-line mixers are sometimes referred to as high-shear in-line mixers, the shear forces applied to the lipid globules using such in-line mixers are still less than with conventional homogenization. For the present invention, this is still considered to have a low shear force.
    [0016] In particular and preferably, low shear forces are applied during the present production process, starting from the mixture of the aqueous and lipid phases using an in-line mixer with at least one mixing head. The present process is characterized by being well controllable and reproducible. Preferably, high shear forces are already avoided from the point where the lipid phase is fed into the aqueous phase, which can occur before or during mixing. The present teaching, in particular the present
    9/57 process, results in the production of lipid globules with a weighted diameter in volume closer to the diameter of the natural lipid globules of human milk, which can be coated by a polar lipid membrane, if desired, leading to a greater similarity to the natural lipid globules of milk. The composition obtained, preferably, obtained by the process according to the present invention, therefore, is more similar to human milk, with respect to the lipid globule size and architecture. Therefore, using the process according to the present invention employing an in-line mixer, an emulsion, preferably a stable oil-in-water emulsion of large lipid cells with improved properties is provided without the need for homogenization (in two stages), allowing both more economical production the more convenient, as well as the provision of improved nutritional compositions. Thus, the present process preferably and advantageously does not involve high pressure and / or high energy inlet homogenization devices, in particular, it does not use ultrasound or a homogenizer (in two stages), but instead uses a mixer in medium or high speed line with at least one mixing head. This is advantageous in that the homogenizers normally used for such processes have high shear forces,
    10/57 as an in-line mixer, as used in the present process, applies only low shear forces even when operated at medium to high speed.
    [0017] High dynamic pressure is conventionally used in the food industry and is also sometimes referred to as high pressure valve homogenization.
    [0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present process does not use a dynamic high pressure homogenizer or a dynamic high pressure homogenization step.
    [0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present process does not use a dynamic high pressure stage homogenizer or a dynamic high pressure stage homogenization process.
    [0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present process does not use a dynamic high pressure two stage homogenizer or a dynamic high pressure two stage homogenization process.
    [0021] The process according to the present invention provides or requires in step a) the provision of a phase
    aqueous content in matter dry in 10 to 60% in Weight, preferably in 15 to 55 % in Weight, more preferably in 20 to 50 % in Weight, more
    11/57 preferably from 25 to 50% by weight, preferably from 25 to 45% by weight, preferably from 30 to 50% by weight (each based on the total weight of the aqueous phase), comprising at least one protein component.
    [0022] Furthermore, it is preferable to supply the aqueous phase with a dry matter content of 30 to 60% by weight, preferably 35 to 50% by weight, more preferably 40 to 50% by weight.
    [0023] In the context of the present invention, the term protein component refers to proteinaceous material in general, which includes proteins, peptides, free amino acids and also compositions comprising proteins, peptides and / or free amino acids, that is, they are sources of protein .
    [0024] The protein source, which means that the protein component, is preferably selected so that a baby's minimum requirements for essential amino acid content are met and satisfactory growth is ensured. Therefore, protein components based on cow's milk proteins, such as whey, casein and mixtures thereof, and proteins based on soy, potatoes or peas, are preferred. In the case of whey proteins being used, the protein component is preferably based on acidic whey or sweet whey, isolated whey protein or mixtures thereof, and may include α-lactalbumin and β
    12/57 lactoglobulin.
    [0025] More preferably, the protein source, in particular the protein component contained in the aqueous phase is selected from the group consisting of skimmed milk, skimmed milk powder, whey, whey powder, whey protein, whey protein isolate, whey protein hydrolyzate, casein, casein hydrolyzate and soy protein. More preferably, mixtures of casein and whey protein are used, even more preferably casein and whey protein, in a weight ratio between 5 and 0.2, more preferably 2 to 0.5, which means a casein to whey protein weight ratio of 5: 1 to 1: 5, particularly 2: 1 to 1: 2. Based on the dry weight, the aqueous phase preferably comprises at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 8% by weight of protein.
    [0026] In one embodiment, the aqueous phase also contains at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of digestible carbohydrates, non-digestible carbohydrates, vitamins, in particular water-soluble vitamins, trace elements and minerals, preferably in accordance with international guidelines for baby formulas.
    [0027]
    Digestible carbohydrate components
    Preferred 13/57 are lactose, glucose, sucrose, fructose, galactose, maltose, starch and maltodextrin. Lactose is the main digestible carbohydrate present in human milk. Thus, the aqueous phase preferably comprises lactose. The aqueous phase preferably comprises digestible carbohydrates, in which at least 35% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 75% by weight, even more preferably at least 90% by weight, most preferably at least 95 % by weight of digestible carbohydrate is lactose (each based on the dry weight of digestible carbohydrate). Based on the dry weight, the aqueous phase preferably comprises at least 25% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight of lactose.
    [0028] Preferably, the aqueous phase also comprises nondigestible oligosaccharides, preferably those with a degree of polymerization (DP) from 2 to 250, more preferably from 3 to 60. The nondigestible oligosaccharide is preferably selected from the group consisting of fructo-oligosaccharides , such as inulin, galactooligosaccharides, like transgalactooligosaccharides or beta-galactooligosaccharides and uronic acid oligosaccharides.
    [0029] Based on the dry weight, the aqueous phase preferably comprises from 0.25% by weight to 20% in
    14/57 weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, even more preferably from 1.5% by weight to 7.5% by weight of at least one non-digestible oligosaccharide.
    [0030] To prepare the aqueous phase, hereinafter also called the composition of the aqueous phase, at least one protein component and the additional options described above are composed in the aqueous phase, in particular in an aqueous medium, preferably water. For this, at least one protein component, as well as all other optional components, can be in a dry state or be present as solutions or suspensions.
    [0031] Thus, said aqueous phase can be prepared for said supply step by composing at least one protein component and, optionally, other components in an aqueous phase, preferably water, in the desired dry matter content. In the event that an aqueous phase comprising at least one protein component and other optional components is present with a dry matter content of less than 40% by weight, such as 25% by weight, one may seek, in a preferred embodiment, to concentrate , preferably evaporating said aqueous phase, preferably using an evaporator before step a) of the present process to produce the desired dry matter content.
    [0032]
    In a preferred embodiment, this
    15/57 evaporation step is carried out after treatment under optional high degree of heating (HHT). The preferred evaporation step can be carried out in the aqueous phase or, in an alternative embodiment, in the mixture of the aqueous and lipid phase, preferably after homogenization.
    [0033] Preferably, after mixing all the necessary components in the aqueous phase, the pH of the aqueous phase is adjusted to 6.0 to 8.0, more preferably to 6.5 to 7.5.
    [0034] Optionally, the aqueous phase is filtered through suitable means to prevent foreign bodies from entering, for example, impurities or pathogens in the process.
    [0035] Optionally, the aqueous phase is pasteurized or treated with heating first by a preheating step, in which the aqueous phase is heated to 60 to 100 ° C, preferably to 70 to 90 ° C, more preferably to 85 ° C with a retention time of 1 second to 6 minutes, more preferably 10 seconds
    to 6 minutes, still more preferably from 30 seconds to 6 minutes. That takes to a pre-sterilization of the phase watery. [0036] In an concretization preferential, preferably after heating, water phase preferably suffer a treatment under high degree of
    16/57 heating (HHT), in which it is heated to temperatures
    above 100 ° C, preferably of 120 at 130 ° C, more preferably up to 124 ° C. That temperature is preferably maintained for 1 to 4 seconds, more
    preferably for 2 seconds.
    [0037] Alternatively, other suitable methods of pasteurization or sterilization can be applied. Various methods of pasteurization and sterilization are known in the art and are commercially viable.
    [0038] Preferably, the HHT is performed before an optionally performed concentration step, preferably an evaporation step.
    [0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, HHT is performed only in the aqueous phase. Therefore, the lipid phase is subsequently added, resulting in the mixing and homogenization of the aqueous and lipid phases. In another embodiment of the present invention, HHT is performed by mixing the aqueous and lipid phases. This embodiment allows to personalize the obtained oily mixture.
    [0040] During the composition of the aqueous phase, the shear forces used are not critical. In this way, the aqueous phase can be composed using high shear forces.
    [0041] In step b) of the process according to
    In the present invention, it is preferable to provide a liquid lipid phase, which comprises at least one lipid, preferably at least one lipid of plant origin. The presence of lipids of plant origin allows, advantageously, an ideal fatty acid profile, with a high content of (poly) unsaturated fatty acids and / or more similar to human milk fat. The use of lipids only from cow's milk, or from other domestic mammals, does not in any case provide an ideal fatty acid profile. In particular, it is known that a non-ideal fatty acid profile, such as a greater amount of saturated fatty acids, results in increased obesity.
    [0042] Preferably, at least one lipid, preferably lipid of vegetable origin contained in the lipid phase is selected from the group consisting of linseed oil, flax seed oil, rapeseed oil, such as rapeseed oil, rapeseed oil rapeseed with low erucic acid and canola oil, sage oil, perilla oil, purslane oil, red blueberry oil, cranberry oil, sea buckthorn oil, hemp oil, sunflower oil, high oleic sunflower, safflower oil, high oleic safflower oil, olive oil, blackcurrant seed oil, pea oil, coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil. Preferably, part of the
    18/57 fat, which means lipid, is milk fat, more preferably fat and / or anhydrous milk butter oil. Commercially available lipids, preferably plant-derived lipids for use in the present invention, are preferably in the form of a continuous oil phase. The composition obtained by the present process preferably comprises from 2.1 to 6.5 g of lipids, preferably of lipid of vegetable origin, per 100 ml, more preferably of 3.0 to 4.0 g per 100 ml, when in liquid form , for example, as a liquid ready to be consumed or, if spray dried, reconstituted with water.
    [0043] Based on the dry weight, the composition obtained by the present process preferably comprises from 10 to 50% by weight, more preferably from 12.5 to 45% by weight, preferably from 12.5 to 40% by weight, and even more preferably from 19 to 30% by weight of lipids, preferably of lipid of vegetable origin.
    [0044] Preferably, the lipid phase comprises from 50 to 100% by weight of lipids of plant origin based on total lipids, more preferably from 70 to 100% by weight, even more preferably from 75 to 97% by weight. Preferably, the lipid phase comprises at least 75% by weight, more preferably at least 85% by weight of triglycerides based on total lipids.
    19/57
    [0045] Preferably, The phase lipid comprises other components,how vitamins fat soluble, preferably in wake up with international guidelines for formulas for babies •
    [0046] In accordance with the present invention, it is preferable that the lipid phase be liquid at the ambient temperature (s) used during the process. At the
    However, if The lipid phase for solid due to its composition, she is preferably heated up until above the temperature in fusion of fur any less one lipid,
    preferably of vegetable origin lipid contained in the lipid phase. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lipid phase is heated to a temperature above its melting point, preferably to a temperature of 40 to 80 ° C, preferably 50 to 70 ° C, more preferably 55 to 60 ° C, thus resulting in a liquid lipid phase. More preferably, the lipid phase is heated to a temperature of at least 40 ° C, preferably at least 45 ° C, more preferably at least 50 ° C and most preferably to at least 55 ° C.
    [0047] If necessary, the lipid phase is preferably filtered through suitable filtration devices before the next step, preferably from step c), to prevent foreign bodies, for example,
    20/57 impurities or pathogens, enter the production process.
    [0048] The lipid or fat globules of natural human milk comprise a globular membrane comprising polar lipids, particularly phospholipids. Thus, it is desirable to provide a formula for babies comprising lipid globules comprising a membrane or coating of polar lipids, in particular phospholipids. Thus, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the present process, the aqueous phase, the lipid phase or the aqueous phase and the lipid phase comprise polar lipids, preferably phospholipids, comprise in particular added polar lipids, preferably phospholipids. If the polar lipids, particularly phospholipids, are relatively pure, they preferably do not contain significant amounts of other components, preferably they are pure, such as soy lecithin, they are preferably added to the lipid phase. In the case of polar lipids, particularly the phospholipids are impure, preferably relatively impure, and therefore contain significant amounts of other components that are not dissolvable in the fat or lipid phase, as when they are present in buttermilk powder, they are preferably added to the aqueous phase. More preferably, the polar lipids,
    21/57 in particular the phospholipids, are comprised in the aqueous phase.
    [0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polar lipids are already contained in the lipid phase to be used according to the present invention. In a further preferred embodiment, the polar lipids are added to the aqueous phase or to the lipid phase or to both provided in steps a) or b) of the present process. In a further preferred embodiment, the polar lipids can also be added during the process of step c) during mixing of the lipids and the aqueous phase.
    [0050] If polar lipids are present in the aqueous phase, which is preferred, or in the lipid phase or both, the lipid globules preferably become coated with the polar lipids.
    [0051] By coated or coating is meant that the outer surface layer of the lipid cell comprises polar lipids, while these polar lipids are practically absent from the lipid cell nucleus. The presence of polar lipids as a coating or outer layer of the lipid cell resembles the structure of human milk lipid cells. Polar lipids are amphipathic in nature and include glycerophospholipids, glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin
    22/57 and cholesterol. More preferably, the polar lipids comprise phospholipids, which refer to the sum of glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins. Polar lipids, according to the present invention, refer to the sum of glycerophospholipids, glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin and cholesterol. The most preferred are glycerophospholipids. Glycerophospholipids are a class of lipids formed from fatty acids esterified in the hydroxyl groups on carbon 1 and carbon 2 of the glycerol portion of the structure, and a negatively charged phosphate group linked to carbon 3 of glycerol through an ester bond, and optionally a choline group, which then refers to phosphatidylcholine (PC); a serine group, which then refers to phosphatidylserine (PS); an ethanolamine group, which then refers to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE); an inositol group, which then refers to phosphatidylinositol (PI) or a glycerol group, which then refers to phosphatidylglycerol (FG), attached to the phosphate group. Lysophospholipids are a class of phospholipids with an acyl grease chain. Preferably, the polar lipids contain PC, PS, PI and / or PE, more preferably at least PC.
    [0052] Polar lipids also preferably comprise glycosphingolipids. The term glycosphingolipids, according to the present invention,
    23/57 refers particularly to glycolipids with an amino alcohol sphingosine. The sphingosine structure is attached to a charged head group, such as an ethanolamine, serine or choline structure. The structure is also linked by the amide to a fatty acyl group. Glycosphingolipids are ceramides with one or more sugar residues joined in a β-glycosidic bond in the 1hydroxyl position. Preferably, the polar lipids also contain gangliosides, more preferably at least one ganglioside selected from the group consisting of GM3 and GD3. GM3 is a ganglioside that has the formula: aNeu5Ac (23) bDGalp (1-4) bDGlcp (1-1) Cer, where aNeu5Ac is 5acetyl-alpha-neuraminic acid, bDGalp is beta-D-galactopyranose, bDGlcp is beta -D-glycopyranose and Cer is ceramide.
    [0053] Polar lipids also preferably comprise sphingomyelin. Sphingomyelins have a phosphorylcholine or phosphoryl ethanolamine molecule esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of a ceramide. They are classified as phospholipids, as well as sphingolipids, but they are not classified as glycerophospholipid or glycosphingolipid. Sphingolipids are, in the present invention, defined as the sum of sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids. Phospholipids are, in the present invention, preferably defined as the sum of sphingomyelin and glycerophospholipids. Preferably,
    24/57 phospholipids are derived from milk lipids. Preferably, the weight ratio of phospholipids: glycosphingolipids is from 2: 1 to 10: 1, preferably from 2: 1 to 5: 1.
    [0054] Polar lipids also preferably comprise phospholipids. Preferably, the compositions comprise from 0.5 to 20% by weight of phospholipids, based on the total amount of lipids, more preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, even more preferably from 2 to 10% by weight, and even more preferably from 3 to 8% by weight based on the total amount of lipids. Preferably, the compositions comprise from 0.1 to 10% by weight of glycosphingolipids based on the total amount of lipids, more preferably from 0.5 to 5% by weight, and even more preferably from 2 to 4% by weight. Preferably, the compositions comprise from 0.5 to 10% by weight (glycosphingolipids plus phospholipids) based on the total amount of lipids, more preferably from 1.0 to 10% by weight (glycosphingolipids plus phospholipids) based on the total amount of lipids . The compositions also preferably comprise cholesterol. The compositions preferably comprise at least 0.005% by weight of cholesterol based on the total amount of lipids, plus
    25/57 preferably at least 0.02% by weight, more preferably at least 0.05% by weight, and even more preferably at least 0.1% by weight. Preferably, the amount of cholesterol does not exceed 10% by weight based on the total amount of lipids, more preferably it does not exceed 5% by weight, and even more preferably it does not exceed 1% by weight of total lipids. Preferably, the compositions comprise from 0.6 to 25% by weight of total lipids based on the total amount of lipids, with the polar lipids being the sum of phospholipids, glycosphingolipids and cholesterol, more preferably 0.6 to 12% by weight , more preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, even more preferably from 2 to 10% by weight, even more preferably from 3.0 to 10% by weight of polar lipids based on the total amount of lipids, the polar lipids being are the sum of phospholipids, glycosphingolipids and cholesterol.
    [0055] The preferred sources to supply phospholipids, glycosphingolipids and / or cholesterol are egg lipids, milk fat, buttermilk fat and buttermilk fat, such as beta whey fat. A preferred source of phospholipids, particularly PC, is soy lecithin and / or sunflower lecithin. The compositions preferably comprise phospholipids derived from milk. Preferably, the compositions
    26/57 comprise phospholipids and glycosphingolipids derived from milk. Preferably, cholesterol is also obtained from milk. Preferably, the polar lipids are derived from milk. Polar milk lipids include polar lipids isolated from milk lipids, milk cream lipids, buttermilk lipids (beta whey lipids), whey lipids, cheese lipids and / or whey lipids buttermilk. Buttermilk lipids are normally obtained during the manufacture of buttermilk. Butter whey lipids or beta whey lipids are normally obtained during the manufacture of anhydrous butterfat fat. Preferably, phospholipids, glycosphingolipids and / or cholesterol are obtained from milk cream. The compositions preferably comprise phospholipids, glycosphingolipids and / or milk cholesterol from cows, donkeys, sheep, goats, buffalo, mares and camels. It is more preferable to use a lipid extract isolated from cow's milk. The use of polar lipids from milk fat advantageously comprises polar lipids from the membranes of milk fat globules, which are more similar to the condition in human milk. Polar lipids derived from whole milk advantageously decrease body fat in later life, to a greater extent than polar lipids from other sources.
    27/57 [0056] Preferably, the polar lipids are located on the surface of the lipid globules, which means as a coating or outer layer after the mixing step c) of the present process. This advantageously also results in more stable lipid globules. A suitable way to determine whether polar lipids are located on the surface of lipid globules is laser scanning microscopy.
    [0057] The concomitant use of polar lipids derived from the milk of domestic animals and triglycerides derived from lipids of plant origin, therefore, allows the manufacture of lipid globules coated with a coating more similar to human milk while, at the same time, providing an acid profile ideal fatty. Commercially available sources suitable for milk-derived polar lipids are Corman's BAEF, SM2, SM3 and SM4 powders, Glanbia's Salibra and MFGM-IO's LacProdan or Aria's PL20. Preferably, the source of polar milk-derived lipids comprises at least 4% by weight of phospholipids based on the total amount of lipids, more preferably from 7 to 75% by weight, more preferably from 20 to 70% by weight of phospholipids based on in the total amount of lipids. Preferably, the weight ratio of phospholipids to protein is greater than 0.10, more preferably above 0.20, even more
    28/57 preferably above 0.3. Preferably at least 25% by weight, more preferably at least 40% by weight, more preferably at least 75% by weight of the polar lipids are derived from polar lipids derived from milk.
    Thus, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compositions produced with the present process comprise polar lipids, such as phospholipids, glycolipids, sphingomyelin and cholesterol, monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides and free fatty acids.
    [0059] The lipid globules produced by the present process preferably comprise a nucleus and, preferably, a coating, wherein the nucleus comprises a lipid, preferably a lipid of plant origin. Preferably, the core comprises at least 90% by weight of triglycerides, more preferably it consists of triglycerides. The coating preferably comprises polar lipids, in particular phospholipids, and not all polar lipids that are contained in the composition need to be comprised in the coating. Preferably, at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, even more preferably at least 85% by weight, more preferably more than 95% by weight of the lipids.
    Polar 29/57, in particular phospholipids present in the composition are comprised in the coating of lipid globules. Likewise, not all lipids, preferably lipids of plant origin present in the composition, necessarily need to be included in the nucleus of lipid globules. Preferably, at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, even more preferably at least 85% by weight, even more preferably at least 95%, most preferably more than 98% by weight of the lipids, preferably lipids of vegetal origin comprised in the composition are included in the nucleus of the lipid globules.
    [0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is envisaged or necessary that the liquid lipid phase provided in step b) is fed into the aqueous phase provided in step a) before or during the mixing step c). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid lipid phase is fed into the aqueous phase at low pressure, preferably at most 10 bar, more preferably at most 8 bar.
    [0061] The present invention advantageously provides or requires the use of an in-line mixer with at least one mixing head, in particular with one, two, three or more mixing heads, preferably two
    30/57 mixing heads, in process step c), preferably having a low shear force (m). In a particularly preferred embodiment, however, the use of the same shear forces, preferably of low shear forces, is also additionally provided for in process steps related to the liquid lipid phase provided in step b), that is, for the process of said liquid lipid phase provided under low shear forces, in particular to feed the liquid lipid phase provided in step b) under low shear force in the aqueous phase before or during mixing. As a result, the liquid lipid phase provided in step b) is preferably never, during its processing in the present process, subjected to high shear forces.
    [0062] Step c) of the process according to the present invention provides for or requires mixing of the lipid phase with the aqueous phase. Preferably, the mixing is carried out in a ratio of 5 to 50% (w / w), preferably 10 to 40% (w / w), more preferably 15 to 30% (w / w) from lipid phase to aqueous phase . In the context of the present invention, a ratio, for example, of 5 to 50% refers to a ratio of 5 parts of lipid phase: 95 parts of aqueous phase to 50 parts of lipid phase: 50 parts of aqueous phase.
    In the context of the present invention, the term in-line mixer refers to a mixer comprising an enclosure, an inlet, an outlet and at least one mixing head comprising at least one stator and at least one rotor, the casing being configured and formed in order to force the passage of substantially all, preferably all the liquid to be mixed by at least one mixing head.
    [0064] To facilitate mixing, a medium or high speed in-line mixer with one or more mixing heads (s) is used. An in-line mixer disperses a liquid phase, that is, the lipid liquid phase of the present invention, in a main continuous phase, that is, the aqueous phase of the present invention, with which it would normally be immiscible to prepare an oil-in-water emulsion. . Thus, for the mixing step of the present process, preferably an in-line mixer is used to create an emulsion, preferably a stable emulsion that comprises lipid globules. Preferably, the lipid phase is emulsified in the aqueous phase under conditions such that large lipid globules are formed. Preferably, the in-line mixer used consists of a rotor, a set of rotors or rotating disk (s) and the same number of fixed disks, known as stator (s), in which each pair of
    32/57 rotor or rotary disc and stator is referred to as mixing head. The rows of bars or pins positioned on rotating disks or stators create speed differences that quickly wall into a mixing head through which the solutions to be mixed flow. Preferably, the lipid phase is added or injected into the aqueous phase just before entering the in-line mixer. Preferably, from that moment on, high shear forces should be avoided in the process, according to the present invention.
    [0065] In general, the shear is created in an in-line mixer by the rotating and static pins of the mixing head, through which the fluid is forced, which means that the fluid experiences the speed of the rotating pin and then almost no speed on a static pin. Depending on the number of rows of pins on each disk, this can be repeated several times. An in-line mixer for preferred use in the present invention uses a rotating disc or a high-speed rotor, or a series of such in-line rotors, also called mixing heads, normally powered by an electric motor, to create flow and shear, preferably low shear. Low shear is intended to refer to a lower shear than that applied during conventional homogenization. THE
    33/57 velocity, or velocity of the tip of the fluid in the outer diameter of the rotor will be greater than the speed in the center of the rotor, thus creating the shear. In a line mixer, for preferential use in the present invention, the rotor-stator matrix or the mixing head is contained in a housing with an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other. Such an enclosure can also contain more than one mixing head. Depending on the specific in-line mixer model, the fluid flows from the outside to the inside of the discs, or vice versa. Mainly, the components to be mixed are pulled through the rotor-stator matrix in a continuous flow, with the assembly acting with a centrifugal pumping device. Alternatively, a pump vane can be added to the mixer shaft. In this way, in-line mixers offer a more controlled mixing environment and can preferably be used in the present process as part of a continuous production process, preferably resulting in a more economical production process.
    [0066] Preferably, a medium or high speed in-line mixer, in particular a high speed in-line mixer, is used in the process according to the present invention.
    [0067] In the present process it is preferable to avoid high shear forces. Thus, it is preferable to use
    34/57 low shear force in relation to standard homogenization during the complete process, preferably at least from the fat injection point in during, which means during and after the stage of feeding the liquid lipid phase in the aqueous phase for example, before or during the mixing step c.
    [0068] In a preferred embodiment of the present process, the in-line mixer is therefore used from 4000 to 15000 rpm, preferably from 6500 to 12000 rpm. The speed may be less depending on the design of the mixer and the diameter of the discs. In a preferred embodiment, the in-line mixer shakes the mixture at a speed of 20 to 50 m / s, preferably 30 to 50 m / s, more preferably 41 to 44 m / s at the end. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the speed is at least 25 m / s, preferably from 25 to 60 m / s.
    [0069] However, both parameters depend to a large extent on the type, model and size (diameter of the rotor and stator) of the in-line mixer used, in particular, of the mixing head, but can be determined by the person skilled in the art. With a larger in-line mixer, for example, a lower rpm is required. Thus, the shear forces exerted are adjusted accordingly to obtain the large lipid globules.
    35/57 preferred. Advantageously and preferably, an in-line mixer exerts tangential shear instead of longitudinal shear. Due to the low preferential tangential shear used by the present process, the resulting lipid globules are larger than those of standard infant formulas.
    [0070] In general, homogenization is used to emulsify the lipid phase in the aqueous phase to reduce the formation of cream and the oxidation of fatty acids. In standard baby formulas, particularly small blood cells are produced, forming a very stable emulsion. Since the present process aims to produce larger lipid globules, this can result in a less stable emulsion and faster fatty acid oxidation. Instead, it was found that, with the composition produced by the present process, excessive cream formation did not occur within 24 hours and, when fatty acid oxidation was measured after 18 months of storage, it was found that it it was acceptable. Surprisingly, it was even very similar to that seen with standard baby formula, with just a greater amount of free fat. It was even found that the presence of slightly higher cream formation is advantageous, since it mimics the situation during breastfeeding.
    [0071] In a preferential embodiment of
    36/57 of the present invention, the lipid phase is mixed with the aqueous phase in step c) of the present process for a period of time and mixing or residence time in the mixing head from 0.05 to 10, preferably from 0.08 to 10, preferably 0.3 to 10, preferably 0.5 to 9, particularly 0.7 to 8, particularly 1 to 7, preferably 2 to 6, and more preferably 3 to 5 seconds.
    [0072] In a preferred embodiment, the composition containing a protein component and a lipid component is obtained in step c) at a pressure of a maximum of 10 bar, preferably below 10 bar, preferably a maximum of 8 bar, preferably below 8 bar, more preferably at most 7 bar, preferably below 7 bar.
    [0073] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present process, the composition containing a protein component and a lipid component obtained in step c) is then reheated to 75 to 85 ° C, preferably to 78 to 80 ° C to further reduce, and preferably completely eliminate pathogenic bacteria. Advantageously, reheating at this stage also leads to a reduction in viscosity. Preferably, the lipid globules, also called lipid droplets, of the composition produced with the process according to
    37/57 with the present invention have a volume-weighted diameter mode of at least 1 pm, preferably at least 2 pm, more preferably at least 3 pm, most preferably at least 3.5 pm, still more preferably about 4 pm. Preferably, the volume-weighted diameter mode should be less than 20 pm, preferably less than 10 pm, more preferably below 7 pm. In particular, the lipid globules of the composition produced with the process according to the present invention have a volume-weighted diameter mode of 1 to 20 pm, preferably 1 to 10 pm, preferably 2 to 8 pm, more preferably 3 at 8 pm, more preferably from 4 to 7 pm. The term volume-weighted diameter mode refers to the diameter that is most present based on the volume of the total lipid, or the peak value in a graphical representation, which has the diameter and the y-axis on the x-axis in %.
    [0074] Advantageously, the composition containing a protein component and a lipid component comprising the large lipid globules obtained in step c) of the present process has a lower apparent dynamic viscosity between 30 and 80 cP due to the higher temperature achieved by reheating. In comparison with conventional processes, a viscosity reduction of about 5 cP occurs. Advantageously, this reduction in viscosity leads,
    38/57 in turn, to an increase in capacity during an optional spray drying step.
    [0075] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition containing the lipid and protein component obtained after step c) of the present process is used as a baby formula, preferably a ready-to-drink liquid infant formula, a transition formula or growth milk.
    [0076] In a particularly preferred additional embodiment, the composition containing the lipid and protein component obtained in step c) of the present process is spray dried with an atomization system, preferably a low-shear atomization system, preferably using a two-fluid nozzle, in order to obtain a composition containing the lipid and protein component comprising lipid globules.
    [0077] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the total solids content of the composition containing the lipid and protein component, in particular mixture, at
    atomized has a content in matter dry in 30 to 65 % in weight, preferably in 40 to 60% in Weight, more preferably 50 to 60% in Weight. [0078] 0 use of one nozzle of two fluids has
    clear advantages over a rotary atomizer.
    The composition containing the lipid and protein component obtained after step c) of the process according to the present invention comprises large lipid globules and advantageously and preferably has an apparent dynamic viscosity less than, preferably, in a subsequent optional spray drying step allows for a higher total solid content, which is economically highly beneficial.
    [0080] Concomitantly, when applying spray drying in the process according to the present invention, a higher latency temperature, in particular a latency temperature of 190 ° C to 210 ° C, preferably between 195 ° C to 200 ° C, can be achieved during spray drying which
    preference and advantageously allows The use in temperatures higher during The drying per pulverization that leads to a increase gives capacity of dryer by pulverization. In Law Suit of State gives
    technique, latency temperatures of about 185 ° C are typically achieved.
    [0081] Thus, preferably and advantageously, with the composition containing the lipid and protein component obtained in the present process, step c) the latency temperature is higher, allowing a higher temperature during spray drying, which is a
    40/57 economic advantage. Without intending to stick to the theory, the higher latency temperature may be due to the reduced surface area of large lipid globules.
    [0082] In the context of the present invention, the term latency temperature means the temperature at which the product begins an exothermic reaction, which means when a certain amount of energy is reached. This usually occurs in pieces of the product that isolate the nucleus from the nodule and allow an increase in temperature. This needs a certain initial temperature and a certain amount of time to start. When the reaction starts, the powder product starts to self-ignite and the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction will progress. Thus, from a safety point of view, there is a maximum temperature at which a powder can be dried. Drying at a higher temperature risks the formation of an ignition source which can lead to an explosion in the dryer. Thus, the latency temperature means auto-ignition temperature, which is different for a specific powder and depends on a number of variables. The present process advantageously allows a higher latency temperature, which means the temperature at which there is a risk of auto-ignition of the powder is higher than in known processes.
    [0083] Preferably, the spray drying step using an atomizing step,
    41/57 preferably a low shear atomization step, uses a pump, preferably a low pressure pump to control the feed of the composition obtained in step c) to the spray dryer. Preferably, said pump uses, at most, the shear forces applied by the in-line mixer of step c). Thus, it is preferable that the shear forces exerted on the lipid globules in the subsequent spray drying step, particularly in the feed, particularly in the pumping step, do not exceed the shear forces experienced during mixing. Preferably, a positive displacement pump is used to control the feed of the mixture to the spray dryer. A positive displacement pump causes a fluid to move by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and then displacing the trapped volume of fluid into the discharge tube.
    [0084] If a two-fluid nozzle, hereinafter also called a two-fluid lance, is used for spray drying the pressure is preferably as low as possible, without encrusting the spray dryer, which would lead to unnecessary cleaning. Preferably, the two fluid nozzle is used with a pressure of a maximum of 10 bar, preferably a maximum of
    42/57 from 8 bar, more preferably from 1.5 to 5 bar, more preferably from 2.5 to 4 bar.
    [0085] Two fluid nozzles (2F nozzles) are commercially available. The nozzles can be equipped with an external mixing capsule or with an internal mixing capsule. Internal 2F nozzles have the advantage of having a slightly lower energy requirement. Internal and external 2F nozzles produce different spray angles and will depend on the design of the dryer used, whose type of 2F nozzle is preferred. This is easily deductible for a person skilled in the art.
    [0086] The pressure used for the two fluid nozzle may differ according to the specific model that is used, but it can be determined according to a person skilled in the art on the condition that the lipid globules produced in the mixing step do not they are subjected to higher shear forces than those experienced during mixing.
    [0087] In a preferred embodiment, both the process of step c), which means mixing the lipid and the aqueous phase, and spray drying are carried out under conditions that exert low forces, preferably shear forces on the composition processed.
    [0088] The preferred two fluid nozzles must
    43/57 preferably, a particularly high spraying capacity, which is advantageous for economical production. In addition, the preferred use of a two-fluid nozzle allows much lower pressures to be applied during spray drying, which preferably results in a reduction of shear forces exerted on lipid globules. In spray drying processes known in the art, pressures as high as 200-300 bar are used. In a preferred embodiment of the present process, the pressure used for spray drying is a maximum of 10 bar, preferably below 10 bar, preferably a maximum of 9 bar, preferably below 9 bar, more preferably a maximum of 8 bar bar, preferably below 8 bar, preferably at most 5 bar, preferably below 5 bar, preferably at most 4 bar, preferably below 4 bar, preferably at most 3.5 bar, preferably below
    3.5 bar, preferably 1.5 to 5 bar, more preferably 2.5 to 4 bar, preferably between 2.7 to 3.5 bar, particularly 3 bar.
    [0089] The gas used for spraying is preferably compressed air. Preferably, the gas used for drying is preferably filtered atmospheric air. The gas / liquid flow rate (kg / kg) is preferably
    44/57 between 1: 1 and 1: 4, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 3, in particular 1: 2.
    [0090] Furthermore, the drying gas of step d) has an inlet temperature of at least 160 ° C, preferably at least 180 ° C, preferably at least 190 ° C, more preferably at least 195 ° C.
    [0091] Preferably, the composition containing the spray dried protein and lipid component is obtained subsequent to the spray drying according to the present invention as a spray dried powder, which preferably can then be placed in appropriate containers. Thus, the present composition is in an embodiment in solid form, preferably spray dried form, preferably in powder form.
    [0092] In another particularly preferred embodiment, the components that are already present in dry form, such as some minerals, vitamins and nondigestible oligosaccharides are mixed dry in a composition containing spray dried protein and lipid component before being introduced into containers.
    [0093]
    However, the present spray dried composition can also be in liquid form, preferably after reconstitution of the spray dried form in an aqueous medium.
    [0094]
    Advantageously, the larger lipid globules,
    45/57 which are preferably coated with a polar lipid membrane and therefore more closely resemble the diameter and composition of natural lipid globules in human milk are also preserved after optional spray drying, in particular after subsequent reconstitution in aqueous medium. Thus, after reconstitution with water, the spray-dried composition prepared by the present process still has these characteristics.
    [0095] In case the ingredients specified in the present invention that will be added to the aqueous phase or the lipid phase are sensitive to the temperature (s) or condition / conditions employed during any of the process steps according to present invention, they can also be added at a later point in the process, such as after mixing and before optional spray drying, or even after spray drying.
    [0096] The present invention also relates to a composition containing the lipid and protein component, which is a liquid, comprising lipid globules with a volume-weighted diameter of at least 1 pm, preferably at least 2 pm, more preferably at least 3 pm, even more preferably at least 3.5 pm, more preferably about 4 pm, can be obtained, preferably, prepared according to
    46/57 process of the present invention. Preferably, the volume weighted diameter method should be less than 20 pm, preferably less than 10 pm, more preferably below 7 pm. In particular, the lipid globules of the composition produced with the process according to the present invention have a volume weighted diameter mode of 1 to 20 pm, preferably from 1 to 10 pm, preferably from 2 to 8 pm, more preferably from 3 to 8 pm, more preferably from 4 to 7 pm.
    [0097] The present invention also makes reference to a composition containing a spray dried protein component and a lipid component comprising lipid globules with a weighted volume diameter of at least 1 pm, preferably at least 2 pm, more preferably at least 3 pm, even more preferably at least 3.5 pm, more preferably about 4 pm, obtainable, preferably prepared, according to the process of the present invention. Preferably, the weighted volume diameter should be less than 20 pm, preferably less than 10 pm, more preferably less than 7 pm. In particular, the spray dried lipid globules of the composition produced with the process according to the present invention have a weighted volume diameter of 1 to 20 pm, preferably 1 to 10 pm, preferably 2 to 8
    47/57 pm, more preferably from 3 to 8 pm, more preferably from 4 to 7 pm. The compositions obtained according to the present processes have improved powder properties and improved homogeneity. In addition, the lipid content and particle size distribution of the present compositions is quite controllable. It was found that the powder composition obtained by the present process had good shelf life stability. The powder had excellent wettability and dissolubility properties after reconstitution with water, which was improved when compared to the powder of the standard formula, with smaller lipid globules.
    Preferably, the composition containing protein and lipid component obtained after mixing or the composition containing protein and lipid component spray dried obtained after optional spray drying has been prepared by the process according to the present invention is a nutritional or pharmaceutical composition, preferably a baby formula or a transitional formula, or a growth milk. Thus, preferably, the compositions are liquid or a powder suitable for making a liquid composition after reconstitution with an aqueous solution, preferably water. Advantageously, the size of the lipid globules and the coating with polar lipids, if any, remain the same.
    48/57 even after optional spray drying and subsequent reconstitution. Preferably, the spray-dried composition of the present invention is reconstituted, preferably with water, just before consumption. This will guarantee the stability of the emulsion, although a little more cream formation may occur due to the higher lipid globules of the present composition. A small amount of cream formation is beneficial, as it also resembles breastfeeding conditions.
    [0099] Thus, the composition containing protein and lipid components or the composition containing protein and lipid components spray dried according to the present invention are preferably administered to a human subject aged 36 months at most, preferably 18 years at most. months, most preferably a maximum of 12 months, even more preferably a maximum of 6 months. In particular, the compositions obtained by the process of the present invention are suitable and prepared to provide the daily nutritional requirements to a human subject aged no more than 36 months, particularly a baby aged no more than 24 months, even more preferably to the age of maximum 18 months, most preferably aged 12 months at most. Thus, the composition containing a protein component and a lipid component or the
    Spray dried protein and lipid components are used to feed a human subject. Advantageously, it has been found that the administration of a composition containing large lipid globules, preferably coated with polar lipids, prevents or reduces the risk of obesity and improves body composition, that is, it increases lean body mass and decreases fat mass in one later in life.
    [0100] After optional spray drying, the composition of the present invention is suitably presented in the form of a powder, which is preferably reconstituted with water to form a liquid. In a preferred embodiment, it is envisaged to add an aqueous medium, preferably water, to the spray-dried composition obtained in order to obtain a liquid or semi-liquid reconstituted spray-dry composition of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention also relates to a reconstituted liquid or semi-liquid composition comprising the spray-dried composition obtained after spray drying, according to the present process in aqueous medium. When the spray-dried composition is in a liquid form, the preferred volume administered on a daily basis is in the range of about 80 to 2500 mL, more preferably of about
    450 to 1000 mL per day. These quantities are also
    Preferred 50/57 for the composition containing liquid protein and lipid component.
    [0101] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present spray-dried solid composition the liquid reconstituted spray-dried composition as much as the composition containing the liquid protein and lipid component can be supplemented with at least one more substance, in particular a pharmaceutically one or nutritionally effective, so as to obtain a nutritional or pharmaceutical composition comprising the present liquid or reconstituted spray dried composition.
    [0102] To meet the baby's caloric needs, the compositions preferably comprise 50 to 200 Kcal / 100 mL of liquid, more preferably 60 to 90 Kcal / 100 mL of liquid, even more preferably from 60 to 75 Kcal / 100 mL of liquid, when reconstituted with aqueous medium if necessary. This caloric density guarantees an ideal ratio between water and calorie consumption. The osmolality of the present compositions is preferably between 150 and 420 mOsmol / L, more preferably from 260 to 320 mOsmol / L. Low osmolality aims to reduce gastrointestinal stress. Preferably, in liquid form, the compositions have a viscosity of at most 35 MPa.S, more
    51/57 preferably of a maximum of 6 MPa.S, as measured on a Brookfield viscometer at 20 ° C, at a shear rate of 100 s' 1 .
    [0103] Preferably, the protein component provides 5 to 15%, more preferably 6 to 12% of the total calories. More preferably, protein is present in the compositions at most 9%, based on calories, more preferably the compositions comprise between 7.2 and 8.0% protein, based on the total calories, even more preferably between 7, 3 and 7.7% based on total calories. A low protein concentration advantageously guarantees a low insulin response, thus preventing the proliferation of adipocytes in babies. Human milk comprises a lower amount of protein based on total calories compared to cow's milk. Based on dry weight, the compositions preferably comprise less than 12% by weight of protein, more preferably between 9.6 to 12% by weight, even more preferably from 10 to 11% by weight. Also based on the liquid composition ready to be consumed, the spray-dried composition reconstituted preferably comprises less than 1.5 g of protein per 100 ml, more preferably between 1.2 and 1.5 g, even more preferably between 1.25 and 1.35 g. The protein concentration in the compositions is determined by the sum of the
    52/57 amounts of proteins, peptides and free amino acids.
    [0104] The digestible carbohydrate component provides, preferably, 30 to 80% of the total calories of the compositions. Preferably, digestible carbohydrates provide 40 to 60% of total calories. When in liquid form, the composition ready to be consumed, or the composition spray dried reconstituted, the compositions preferably comprise from 3.0 to 30 g of digestible carbohydrates per 100 mL, more preferably from 6.0 to 20, even more preferably from 7.0 to 10.0 g / 100 ml. Based on the dry weight, the present spray dried composition preferably comprises from 20 to 80% by weight, more preferably from 40 to 65% by weight of digestible carbohydrates.
    [0105] In this document and in its claims, the verb understand and its conjugations are used in its non-limiting sense to say that all items after the word are included, however, items that are not expressly mentioned are not excluded. In addition, reference to an element by the indefinite article one or one does not exclude the possibility that more than one of the elements is present, unless the context clearly requires that there is one and only one of the elements. The indefinite article one or one, in this way, usually
    53/57 means at least one.
    [0106] Other preferred embodiments of the present invention are the subject of sub claims.
    [0107] The invention is further described by means of the following examples and the attached figures.
    [0108] The figures show the following:
    [0109] Figure 1 shows a flow chart of the present process, where the comp. is the abbreviation for components and the tables with solid lines represent the aqueous phase, the tables with double lines represent the lipid phase and the tables with bold lines represent the mixture, that is, the emulsion of both phases, [0110] Figure 2 shows a flow chart of an alternative process of the present invention, where comp. is the abbreviation for components and the tables with solid lines represent the aqueous phase, the tables with double lines represent the lipid phase and the tables with bold lines represent the mixture, that is, the emulsion of both phases, [0111] Figure 3 shows the particle size distribution of a standard baby formula, a baby formula of the present invention and a sample of human breast milk and [0112] Figure 4 shows the particle size distribution of the present formula. for babies used
    54/57 during the production process.
    [0113] Example 1:
    [0114] A baby formula has been prepared to be a powder comprising, per Kg of final product, about 4800 Kcal, about 247 g of lipids, about 540 g of digestible carbohydrates, about 41 g of non-digestible oligosaccharides and about 97 g of protein. The composition was prepared using buttermilk powder enriched in milk phospholipids, a mixture of vegetable oil (fat), demineralized whey powder (protein), lactose and non-digestible oligosaccharides. Also vitamins, minerals and trace elements known in the art were used.
    [0115] The amount of buttermilk powder was such that 1.62% by weight of the phospholipids, based on the total lipids, were present in the final composition.
    [0116] An aqueous phase, comprising buttermilk powder, easily digestible proteins and carbohydrates, and the other ingredients, except fat and fat-soluble vitamins, has been prepared as known in the art and treated with heating to prevent bacterial contamination, that is, by an ultra-high temperature treatment (UHT), as known in the art, after which an evaporation step was applied. The dry matter content of the phase
    Aqueous 55/57 was between 30 and 48% by weight after the evaporation step. The mixture was heated to 50 ° C.
    [0117] A fat phase was prepared as known in the art. The vegetable oil mixture was also
    heated to 50 ° C and added to phase watery in one reason p / p between 15 The 30 by injection and a booster pump centrifuge. 0 content total solids of the mixture of phases lipid and watery fi between 40 and 60% in weight.[0118]Of that way, the phases lipid and watery
    were fed into the in-line mixer (Ystral Z80) which comprises a mixing head. The rotor-stator design of the in-line mixer had 3 rows of teeth. The aqueous and fat phase were mixed with an end speed of 20 to 50 m / s (resulting in a shear rate of 50000 to 100000 / s) to emulsify the lipid phase in the aqueous phase and, subsequently, the emulsion was pumped with a positive displacement pump, a single pump, with a pressure of about 8 bar for the heater.
    [0119] The oil-in-water mixture was subsequently fed through the concentrate heater to the atomizer, driven by the pump used downstream from the in-line mixer (figure 2).
    [0120] The emulsion was atomized with a low-shear atomization system using a nozzle.
    56/57 two Schlick fluids (series 0 / 2-0 / 5), in which the pressure used for spray drying was less than 8 bar, and dried with the inlet temperature of the drying gas at 195 ° C.
    [0121] The size of the lipid globules in the final powder, after reconstitution with water, was measured with a Mastersizer 2000 (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). The volumetric diameter (weighted volume diameter) is 4.3 pm. About 60% of the lipid globules, based on the volume of lipids, had a diameter between 2 and 12 pm.
    [0122] Figure 3 shows the particle size distribution of various infant formulas. The powder was reconstituted with water to form a ready-to-drink liquid. A Nutrilon 1 standard baby formula (diameter mode (weighted volume diameter) 0.4 pm), a baby formula produced with the present process (diameter mode (weighted volume diameter) 3.6 pm) and a milk sample human maternal are shown (diameter mode (weighted volume diameter) 4.1 pm).
    [0123] Figure 4 shows the particle size distribution of several samples of a baby formula obtained during production, using the present process. During the production process, 7 different samples were taken to analyze the size distribution. The volume mode (weighted volume diameter) is 4.3 pm (dev. Pad. 0.2 pm). The figure clearly demonstrates the ability to
    57/57 control of the present case.
    [0124] Example 2: Atomization with nozzle with internal mixing chamber.
    [0125] A composition similar to that of example 1 was used. Atomization was carried out with a 2F nozzle with an internal mixing chamber (Lecher VarioJet). The pressure applied for atomization was between 4 and 8 bar. The results after the atomization step show that the lipid globules are slightly smaller, with a volume (weighted volume diameter mode) of about 2 pm being obtained compared to the globules in the example above. The size distribution pattern was very similar.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1. Process for preparing a composition containing a protein component and a lipid component characterized by the fact that it is a transitional or infant formula, or a growth milk and which comprises lipid globules having a weighted volume diameter of at least 1 , 0 pm, comprising the steps of:
    (a) provide an aqueous phase with a dry matter content of 10 to 60% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous phase), which comprises at least one protein component,
    b) providing a liquid lipid phase, comprising at least one lipid and
    c) mix the lipid phase with the aqueous phase in a ratio of 5 to 50% (w / w) using an in-line mixer with at least one mixing head, mix the lipid and aqueous phases with a rotor tip speed of 20 to 50 m / s, in order to obtain a composition containing a protein component and a lipid component comprising the lipid globules.
    [2]
    2. Process according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the liquid lipid phase provided in step b) is fed into the aqueous phase provided in step a) before or during the mixing step c).
    3. Process, in a deal with the claim 2, characterized by fact that the mixer in line with at least one head mixing exercise a force in low shear during mixing. 4. Process, in a deal with any an of claims 1 to  3, featured by the fact that the
    Petition 870190080397, of 19/08/2019, p. 9/19
    2/3 protein component is selected from the group consisting of skimmed milk, whey, whey protein, whey protein isolate, whey protein hydrolyzate, casein, casein hydrolyzate and soy protein.
    Process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the aqueous phase comprises at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of digestible carbohydrates, preferably lactose, non-digestible carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
    Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the liquid lipid phase is heated to a temperature of at least 40 ° C before being transferred to the aqueous phase.
    Process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the in-line mixer with at least one mixing head in step c) mixes the aqueous and lipid phases at a rotor tip speed of at least minus 25 m / s.
    Process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the composition containing a protein component and a lipid component obtained in step c) is obtained under low pressure, preferably of a maximum of 1 Mpa (10 bar) ).
    Process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the aqueous phase is provided with a dry matter content of 30 to 50% by weight (based on the total weight of the aqueous phase).
    Petition 870190080397, of 19/08/2019, p. 10/19
    [3]
    3/3
    Process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, after step a) and before step c), the aqueous phase is sterilized or pasteurized.
    Process according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the composition containing a protein component and a lipid component obtained in step c) is reheated to 75 to 85 ° C.
    Process according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the aqueous phase, the lipid phase or the aqueous and lipid phases comprise polar lipids, in particular phospholipids in an amount of 0.5 to 20% by weight (based on the total lipids in the composition).
    13. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the composition containing a protein component and a lipid component in step c) is spray dried with an atomization system using a two-fluid nozzle in order to obtain a composition containing a spray dried protein component and a lipid component comprising lipid globules.
    14. Process, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the pressure used for spray drying is a maximum of 1 Mpa (10 bar).
    15. Process according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the inlet temperature for the drying gas used for spray drying is at least 180 ° C.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    BR112014022744B1|2020-02-18|PROCESS TO PREPARE CHILD FORMULA
    DK2825063T3|2017-05-08|PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF MOTHER'S MILK COMPENSATION
    ES2768524T3|2020-06-23|Improved process for preparing infant formula using a static mixer
    ES2768620T3|2020-06-23|Improved process for preparing infant formula using rotary spray
    RU2673173C1|2018-11-22|Two-step emulsification method for a milk for infants preparation
    BR112016005380B1|2021-12-21|IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PREPARING INFANT FORMULA USING A STATIC MIXER
    EP3043659A1|2016-07-20|Improved process for preparing infant formula using a static mixer
    EP3043660A1|2016-07-20|Improved process for preparing infant formula using a rotary atomizer
    NZ717108B2|2021-03-02|Improved process for preparing infant formula using a rotary atomizer
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN106974295A|2017-07-25|
    IN2014MN01673A|2015-05-29|
    EP2825062B1|2017-05-10|
    WO2013135739A1|2013-09-19|
    ES2635637T3|2017-10-04|
    EP2825062A1|2015-01-21|
    RU2615352C2|2017-04-04|
    PL2825062T3|2017-10-31|
    CN104254255B|2016-10-26|
    RU2014141499A|2016-05-10|
    US20150044352A1|2015-02-12|
    EP2638810A1|2013-09-18|
    CN104254255A|2014-12-31|
    NZ627997A|2016-09-30|
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    法律状态:
    2019-06-18| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-26| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: AS CLASSIFICACOES ANTERIORES ERAM: A23L 1/29 , A23L 1/30 , A23D 7/005 , A23D 7/04 , A23L 1/00 Ipc: A23L 33/17 (2016.01), A23D 7/04 (1990.01), A23C 11 |
    2019-12-10| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-02-18| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 13/03/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP12159671.2|2012-03-15|
    EP12159671.2A|EP2638810A1|2012-03-15|2012-03-15|Process for preparing infant formula|
    PCT/EP2013/055069|WO2013135739A1|2012-03-15|2013-03-13|Process for preparing infant formula|
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